A Level Physics 9702 Paper 12, Oct/Nov 2023

A student estimates the maximum speed of some different moving objects. Which maximum speed is not a reasonable estimate? A container ship: $10{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ B Olympic sprinter: $0.1{\text{ km s}}^{-1}$ C racing car: $9000{\text{ cm s}}^{-1}$ D snail: $0.01{\text{ km h}}^{-1}$

Which quantity is an SI base quantity? A force B newton C second D time

A student takes measurements to determine the constant acceleration of a model car moving from rest in a straight line. The measured values with their absolute uncertainties are shown.

The student uses the equation $s=\frac{1}{2}a{t}^2$ to calculate the acceleration of the car. What is the acceleration and its absolute uncertainty? A $(0.11\pm 0.01){\text{ m s}}^{-2}$ B $(0.11\pm 0.02){\text{ m s}}^{-2}$ C $(0.15\pm 0.01){\text{ m s}}^{-2}$ D $(0.15\pm 0.02){\text{ m s}}^{-2}$

An aeroplane is moving at a constant speed in a straight line at an angle $\theta$ to the horizontal. Four forces act on the aeroplane: thrust force $T$, weight $W$, lift force $L$ and resistive force $R$. Which two equations must be correct? A $L=W\cos \theta$ and $T=R+W\sin \theta$ B $L=W\sin \theta$ and $T=R+W\cos \theta$ C $L=W\cos \theta$ and $T=R-W\sin \theta$ D $L=W\sin \theta$ and $T=R-W\cos \theta$

What is the definition of acceleration? A the rate of change of displacement B the rate of change of kinetic energy C the rate of change of momentum D the rate of change of velocity

An astronaut on the Moon, where there is no air resistance, throws a ball. The ball's initial velocity has a vertical component of $8.00{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ and a horizontal component of $4.00{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$, as shown. The acceleration of free fall on the Moon is $1.62{\text{ m s}}^{-2}$. What is the speed of the ball $9.00\text{ s}$ after being thrown? A $6.58{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ B $7.70{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ C $10.6{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ D $14.6{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$

Two blocks, of mass $0.20\text{ kg}$ and $0.50\text{ kg}$, are connected by a light inextensible string that passes over a frictionless pulley. The blocks are initially held stationary. The block of mass $0.20\text{ kg}$ rests on a rough horizontal surface. The block of mass $0.50\text{ kg}$ is suspended in air. Air resistance is negligible. When the blocks are released, they have an acceleration of magnitude $2.0{\text{ m s}}^{-2}$. What is the magnitude of the frictional force between the block of mass $0.20\text{ kg}$ and the rough surface? A $3.5\text{ N}$ B $3.9\text{ N}$ C $4.5\text{ N}$ D $6.3\text{ N}$

A resultant force causes an object to accelerate. What is equal to the resultant force? A the acceleration of the object per unit mass B the change in kinetic energy of the object per unit time C the change in momentum of the object per unit time D the change in velocity of the object per unit time

An object falls from a stationary helicopter and reaches terminal velocity. What happens to the acceleration of the object between leaving the helicopter and reaching terminal velocity? A It decreases to $9.81{\text{ m s}}^{-2}$. B It decreases to zero. C It increases to $9.81{\text{ m s}}^{-2}$. D It remains constant at $9.81{\text{ m s}}^{-2}$.

Two balls, of masses $m$ and $2m$, travelling in a vacuum with initial velocities $2v$ and $v$ respectively, collide with each other head-on, as shown. After the collision, the ball of mass $m$ rebounds to the left with velocity $v$. What is the loss of kinetic energy in the collision? A $\frac{3}{4}m{v}^2$ B $\frac{3}{2}m{v}^2$ C $\frac{9}{4}m{v}^2$ D $\frac{9}{2}m{v}^2$

A force $F$ is applied at an angle of ${45}^{\circ }$ to a door handle at a distance $d$ from the pivot of the handle, as shown. What is the moment of the force about the pivot? A $\frac{Fd}{\sqrt{2}}$ B $Fd$ C $Fd\sqrt{2}$ D $2Fd$

A couple consists of two forces, each of magnitude $F$, that act in opposite directions in the same plane. The perpendicular distance between the two forces is $d$. What is the torque of the couple? A $\frac{Fd}{2}$ B $\frac{F}{d}$ C $Fd$ D $2Fd$

The diagram shows an experiment to determine the force exerted on a ball by a horizontal air flow. The ball is suspended by a light string and weighs $0.15\text{ N}$. The deflection of the string from vertical is ${30}^{\circ }$. The ball is in equilibrium. What is the force on the ball from the air flow? A $0.075\text{ N}$ B $0.087\text{ N}$ C $0.26\text{ N}$ D $0.30\text{ N}$

Two solid cylindrical objects X and Y are held fully submerged in a liquid, as shown. The objects have the same volume. The density of the material of Y is twice the density of the material of X. Both objects are stationary. Which statement is correct? A The force due to the liquid acting on the top surface of X is greater than that acting on the top surface of Y. B The pressure difference due to the liquid between the top and bottom surfaces of X is the same as that for Y. C The upthrust acting on X is the same as the upthrust acting on Y. D The weight of X is the same as the weight of Y.

An electric car travels at a constant speed of $70{\text{ km h}}^{-1}$ for $80\text{ km}$ on a straight horizontal road and uses energy $E$ from its battery. The total resistive force acting on the car is proportional to $(\text{speed}{)}^2$. Assume that the electric motor is $100\mathrm{\%}$ efficient. How much energy is used from the battery when the car travels at a constant speed of $60{\text{ km h}}^{-1}$ for $80\text{ km}$ on the straight horizontal road? A $0.73E$ B $0.86E$ C $1.2E$ D $1.4E$

What is meant by the efficiency of a system? A the total energy input to the system divided by the useful energy output by the system B the useful energy output from the system divided by the energy wasted by the system C the useful energy output from the system divided by the total energy input to the system D the energy wasted by the system divided by the total energy input to the system

When an object of mass $m$ is raised through a vertical height $\mathrm{\Delta }h$, the gain of its gravitational potential energy is $\mathrm{\Delta }{E}_{\text{P}}$. $\mathrm{\Delta }{E}_{\text{P}}$ and $\mathrm{\Delta }h$ are related by the equation $$\mathrm{\Delta }{E}_{\text{P}}=mg\mathrm{\Delta }h,$$ where $g$ is the acceleration of free fall. The definition of which physical quantity is needed to derive this equation? A acceleration B momentum C power D work done

Three identical springs, each with the same spring constant, are connected together in four different arrangements, as shown. Which arrangement has the largest combined spring constant?

The force–extension graph for a wire is shown. Which row could identify the labels X, Y and Z?

X and Y are two points on the surface of water in a ripple tank. A source of constant frequency generates a wave which travels past X and Y, causing them to oscillate vertically. What is the phase difference between X and Y? A ${45}^{\circ }$ B ${135}^{\circ }$ C ${180}^{\circ }$ D ${270}^{\circ }$

A transverse wave on a rope has wavelength $\lambda$ and period $T$. The graph shows the variation of the displacement of the particles of the rope with distance in the direction of travel of the wave at time $t=0$. A particle X is labelled. Which graph shows the variation of the displacement of particle X with time $t$?

A source of sound waves is moving at a constant speed directly towards a stationary observer. The sound waves have a speed of $340{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ and a frequency of $480\text{ Hz}$. The observer hears sound waves of frequency $650\text{ Hz}$. What is the speed of the source? A $89{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ B $120{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ C $250{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$ D $340{\text{ m s}}^{-1}$

A student is investigating two electromagnetic waves, X and Y, in a vacuum. Wave X has a wavelength of $5.2\times {10}^{-7}\text{ m}$. Wave Y has a frequency of $9.4\text{ GHz}$. Which principal regions of the electromagnetic spectrum contain waves X and Y?

A plane polarised light wave of intensity $I_0$ is incident normally on a polarising filter. The initial intensity of the transmitted wave is $0$. A second polarising filter is then inserted between the source and the first filter. Its transmission axis is at ${45}^{\circ }$ to the transmission axis of the first filter, as shown. What is the intensity of the transmitted wave from the filter combination? A $0$ B $\frac{I_0}{8}$ C $\frac{I_0}{4}$ D $\frac{I_0}{2}$

What can explain how stationary waves are formed from progressive waves? A diffraction B polarisation C superposition D the Doppler effect

A pipe has a length of $2.0\text{ m}$. It is open at one end and closed at the other end. A stationary sound wave is set up within the pipe. There are four nodes (N) and four antinodes (A) within the length of the pipe. What is the wavelength of the sound wave? A $0.57\text{ m}$ B $1.1\text{ m}$ C $1.3\text{ m}$ D $1.6\text{ m}$

A teacher is explaining diffraction to a group of students. Which piece of apparatus is most appropriate for the teacher to use to demonstrate diffraction? A a long spring B a ripple tank C a rope D a stretched string

Coherent light of constant wavelength is incident normally on a double slit. Interference fringes are formed on a screen that is a fixed distance from the double slit. The screen is parallel to the double slit. The separation of the slits is varied. Which graph best shows the variation with slit separation $a$ of the spacing $x$ of the interference fringes?

Light of wavelength $690\text{ nm}$ passes through a diffraction grating with $300\text{ lines per mm}$, producing a series of bright spots (maxima) on a screen. What is the total number of bright spots that are produced? A $4$ B $5$ C $8$ D $9$

A fine mist of oil droplets is sprayed into air. As the oil droplets leave the nozzle of the spraying device they can become electrically charged. What is not a possible value for the charge on an oil droplet? A zero B $1.0\times {10}^{-19}\text{ C}$ C $4.8\times {10}^{-19}\text{ C}$ D $8.0\times {10}^{-19}\text{ C}$

In the circuit shown, a fixed resistor X is connected in series with a battery and a variable resistor. The power dissipated in resistor X is $7.2\text{ W}$ when a current of $3.0\text{ A}$ passes through it. The variable resistor is adjusted so that the power dissipated in X increases by $50\mathrm{\%}$. What is the new current in the circuit? A $2.4\text{ A}$ B $3.7\text{ A}$ C $4.5\text{ A}$ D $14\text{ A}$

The potential difference across a metal wire is kept constant. The length $l$ and the diameter $d$ of the wire are both varied. The type of metal is kept the same. How is the current in the wire related to $l$ and $d$ ? A It is directly proportional to $l$ and inversely proportional to $d$. B It is directly proportional to $l$ and inversely proportional to $d^2$. C It is inversely proportional to $l$ and directly proportional to $d$. D It is inversely proportional to $l$ and directly proportional to $d^2$.

A student sets up a circuit. The circuit diagram shows how the positive and negative terminals of a voltmeter are connected to the circuit. The voltmeter has an initial reading that is positive. Which changes, if any, in temperature and light intensity would cause the voltmeter reading to decrease?

Some resistors and a battery of electromotive force (e.m.f.) $E$ and negligible internal resistance are connected in series, as shown. Which statement is correct? A The e.m.f. across each resistor equals the potential difference across the battery. B The potential difference across each resistor equals the e.m.f. $E$ of the battery. C The sum of the e.m.f.s across the resistors equals the potential difference across the battery. D The sum of the potential differences across the resistors equals the e.m.f. $E$ of the battery.

Kirchhoff's first law is a consequence of the conservation of which physical quantity? A charge B energy C linear momentum D potential difference

The diagram shows a network of resistors. Each resistor has a resistance of $6.0\mathrm{\Omega }$. What is the total resistance of the network between points X and Y? A $3.0\mathrm{\Omega }$ B $5.0\mathrm{\Omega }$ C $7.2\mathrm{\Omega }$ D $18\mathrm{\Omega }$

In the circuit shown, a battery of negligible internal resistance is connected in series with a pair of fixed resistors ${\text{R}}_1$ and ${\text{R}}_2$. The circuit is to be used to test whether the electromotive force (e.m.f.) of a particular cell is $1.5\text{ V}$. The cell is connected between terminals X and Y in parallel with ${\text{R}}_2$ and in series with a galvanometer. Which statement about the test is correct? A Any non-zero reading on the galvanometer means the cell has an e.m.f. of $1.5\text{ V}$. B The battery does not need to have an e.m.f. of $6.0\text{ V}$. C The cell may be connected either way round between X and Y. D The galvanometer does not need a scale calibrated in amperes.

Two nuclides are different isotopes of the same element. Which statement about the nuclides is correct? A Neutral atoms of the nuclides have the same number of electrons. B Nuclei of the nuclides have different numbers of protons. C Nuclei of the nuclides have the same number of nucleons. D Nuclei of the nuclides have the same number of neutrons.

The charge-to-mass ratio $r$ of a particle is given by the equation shown. $$r=\frac{\text{charge on particle}}{\text{mass of particle}}$$ The value of $r$ is determined for an $\alpha$-particle, a ${\beta }^{+}$ particle and a proton p. Which list shows the particles in order of increasing magnitude of $r$ from left to right? A $\alpha \to {\beta }^{+}\to \text{p}$ B $\alpha \to \text{p}\to {\beta }^{+}$ C $\text{p}\to \alpha \to {\beta }^{+}$ D $\text{p}\to {\beta }^{+}\to \alpha$

Which combination of up (u) and down (d) quarks forms a neutron? A u u u B u u d C u d d D d d d