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O Level Pakistan Studies 2059 Paper 12, May/June 2025

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2059/12 · May/June 2025

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1

Study the sources (Insert) carefully and then answer the questions which follow.

a

According to Source A, identify three of Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s views on freedom in Pakistan.

[3]
b

What can we learn from Source B about discussions on the future of the subcontinent in 1947?

[5]
c

Explain Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s successes as Governor-General of Pakistan between 1947 and 1948.

[7]
d

Assess the significance of the following to the creation of Pakistan in 1947: • the 14 Points, 1929 • the Allahabad address, 1930 • ‘Now or Never’, 1933 Explain your answer.

[10]
2
a

Describe the military achievements of Titu Mir.

[4]
b

Explain why Aurangzeb’s successors faced challenges as rulers.

[7]
c

‘Educational changes rather than economic policies led to Indian opposition to the British during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.

[14]
3
a

Describe the terms of the Government of India Act, 1935.

[4]
b

Explain how the Lucknow Pact of 1916 affected relations between Hindu and Muslim communities.

[7]
c

To what extent could the Round Table Conferences of 1930–32 be considered a success? Explain your answer.

[14]
4
a

Describe the main features of Sheikh Mujib’s Six Points.

[4]
b

Explain why Zia-ul-Haq faced challenges during the 1980s.

[7]
c

‘Pakistan has had good relations with the UK since 1947.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.

[14]
5
a

Describe the main features of the Eighth Amendment.

[4]
b

Explain why Pakistan and China formed successful relations in the 1960s and 1970s.

[7]
c

To what extent were Muhammad Ayub Khan’s economic reforms the most successful of his domestic policies between 1958 and 1969? Explain your answer.

[14]

Mark scheme

2059/12 · May/June 2025

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1a · 3 marks

  • 1 mark

    ‘you are free to go to your temples‘

  • 1 mark

    ‘you are… free to go to your mosques’

  • 1 mark

    ‘you are… free to go to any place of worship in this state of Pakistan’

1b · 5 marks

  • 5 marks

    Levels of response marking: Level 3 (4–5 marks), Level 2 (2–3 marks), Level 1 (1 mark), Level 0 (0 marks)

1c · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

1d · 10 marks

  • 10 marks

    Levels of response marking: Level 5 (10 marks), Level 4 (7–9 marks), Level 3 (4–6 marks), Level 2 (2–3 marks), Level 1 (1 mark), Level 0 (0 marks)

2a · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    Titu Mir led the people against the zamindars (1) and the British/colonial system (1)

  • 1 mark

    he had success in freeing Bengal from un-Islamic practices

  • 1 mark

    he raised an army of 15 000 followers (1)

  • 1 mark

    he built a bamboo fort at Narkelbaria (1) in October 1831 (1) and defeated British forces sent to destroy it (1)

2b · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

2c · 14 marks

  • 14 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

3a · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    India to become a federation

  • 1 mark

    the Governor-General/Viceroy was head of the Federation and could exert special powers in the reserved subjects

  • 1 mark

    create two houses of parliament at central government level

  • 1 mark

    the upper house (Council of State) (1) to have 156 members from British India (1) and 104 from the Princely States (1)

3b · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

3c · 14 marks

  • 14 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

4a · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    there should be a directly elected government

  • 1 mark

    central government to control defence and foreign policy (1), all other decisions to be made at provincial level (1)

  • 1 mark

    there should be separate currencies and/or financial policies for East and West Pakistan

  • 1 mark

    the provinces should tax their people (1) and send a share to the federal government (1)

4b · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

4c · 14 marks

  • 14 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

5a · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    the Eighth Amendment confirmed all previous acts of martial law period (1)

  • 1 mark

    with no right of appeal (1)

  • 1 mark

    the President could appoint the Prime Minister (1), Governors of Provinces (1) supreme/high court judges (1) and armed force chiefs (1)

  • 1 mark

    the President could dismiss the Prime Minister (1) and National Assembly (1)

5b · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

5c · 14 marks

  • 14 marks

    Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

Questions

  1. 1
    Question 125 marks
    Mark scheme ›
  2. 2
    Question 225 marks
    Mark scheme ›
  3. 3
    Question 325 marks
    Mark scheme ›
  4. 4
    Question 425 marks
    Mark scheme ›
  5. 5
    Question 525 marks
    Mark scheme ›

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