IGCSE Physics 0625 Paper 12, Oct/Nov 2023

A student investigates the oscillation of a mass suspended from a spring. The student pulls the mass down from its rest position P and then releases it so that it oscillates vertically. The student then follows the instructions listed to find the period of the oscillating mass. 1 Count 10 complete oscillations. 2 Divide the time on the stop-watch by 10. 3 Start the stop-watch as the mass passes upwards through point P. 4 Stop the stop-watch. What is the correct order of these instructions? A 1 → 3 → 4 → 2 B 3 → 1 → 4 → 2 C 3 → 4 → 1 → 2 D 4 → 3 → 2 → 1

A student measures the average speed of a cyclist in a race. Which quantities must she measure? A the total time taken to complete the race and the time taken for the cyclist to reach her highest speed B the total time taken to complete the race and the total distance travelled by the cyclist at her highest speed C the total time taken to complete the race and the total distance travelled by the cyclist D the time taken to reach her highest speed and the total distance travelled by the cyclist

The graph shows the motion of a sprinter. She accelerates steadily from rest to $8.0\text{ m/s}$ in $4.0\text{ s}$. How far does she travel in the last three seconds of her acceleration? A $9.0\text{ m}$ B $15\text{ m}$ C $16\text{ m}$ D $24\text{ m}$

A person steps onto a bathroom scale. The bathroom scale records both mass and weight. Which row shows the readings on the bathroom scale?

Which equation is correct? A $\text{density}=\text{mass}\times \text{volume}$ B $\text{density}=\text{weight}\times \text{volume}$ C $\text{mass}=\text{density}\times \text{volume}$ D $\text{weight}=\text{density}\times \text{volume}$

The diagrams show four identical objects. Each object is acted on by only the forces shown. Which diagram shows an object in equilibrium?

A uniform wooden ruler is pivoted at its centre. A load of $2.0\text{ N}$ is suspended from each end of the ruler. The pivot exerts an upward force $F$ on the ruler. What is $F$ equal to? A $2.0\text{ N}$ B the weight of the ruler C $4.0\text{ N}$ D $4.0\text{ N}$ plus the weight of the ruler

The diagram shows part of a rollercoaster ride with the car at different positions. The car runs freely down from position X to position Y and up the hill on the other side. What happens to the energy in the kinetic store and the gravitational potential store of the car as it moves from position X to position Y?

In a small power station, biofuel is used to generate electricity. Which energy store is reduced by this process? A chemical B kinetic C nuclear D thermal

An electric car is charged overnight. In $8.0\text{ hours}$, $180\text{ MJ}$ of energy is transferred. What is the power of the charger? A $6.3\text{ kW}$ B $380\text{ kW}$ C $23\text{ MW}$ D $1400\text{ MW}$

Tractors have large tyres. These help to prevent the wheels from sinking into soft ground. Which statement explains this? A Larger tyres exert a greater force on the ground. B Larger tyres exert a greater pressure on the ground. C Larger tyres exert a smaller force on the ground. D Larger tyres exert a smaller pressure on the ground.

Brownian motion is the random motion of particles. In which states of matter is Brownian motion observed? A gases, liquids and solids B gases and liquids only C gases and solids only D liquids and solids only

A student investigates the relationship between the pressure of a gas and its volume at constant temperature. He records his results in the table.

What is the correct conclusion from the experiment? A The volume decreases when the pressure increases. B The volume increases when the pressure increases. C The volume initially increases when the pressure increases, but then decreases. D The volume is independent of the pressure.

A wooden wheel can be strengthened by putting a tight circle of iron around it. Which action would make it easier to fit the circle over the wood? A cooling the iron circle only B heating the iron circle C heating the wooden wheel and cooling the iron circle D heating the wooden wheel but not heating or cooling the iron circle

Which diagram shows the processes happening during changes of state? A $\text{gas}\stackrel{\text{boiling}}{\to }\text{liquid}\stackrel{\text{solidification}}{\to }\text{solid}$ B $\text{gas}\stackrel{\text{condensation}}{\to }\text{liquid}\stackrel{\text{melting}}{\to }\text{solid}$ C $\text{solid}\stackrel{\text{melting}}{\to }\text{liquid}\stackrel{\text{boiling}}{\to }\text{gas}$ D $\text{solid}\stackrel{\text{solidification}}{\to }\text{liquid}\stackrel{\text{boiling}}{\to }\text{gas}$

A room is heated by a radiator. The diagrams X and Y show two possible circulations of hot air, which heat the room. Which diagram and reason explain the heating of the room by convection?

Which description and example are correct for a transverse wave?

Straight wavefronts on the surface of a ripple tank approach a gap in a barrier. The diagram shows how the wavefronts change shape as they pass through the gap. What is the name of this effect? A diffraction B propagation C reflection D refraction

Red, green and violet lights are part of the visible spectrum of light. What is the order of colours from shortest to longest wavelength? A red → green → violet B red → violet → green C violet → red → green D violet → green → red

Which diagram shows the image correctly formed by reflection?

A student passes parallel rays of light through four different converging lenses. He measures the distance $x$ and the distance $y$ for each experiment. Which lens has the longest focal length?

The table shows different types of wave in the electromagnetic spectrum. | radio waves | microwaves | infrared waves | visible light | ultraviolet waves | X-rays | gamma rays | Where do all the waves travel at the same speed? A in a vacuum B in diamond C in glass D in water

Which statement about a sound that can be heard by a person with normal hearing is correct? A The sound is a longitudinal wave with a frequency between $2.0\text{ Hz}$ and $20\text{ Hz}$. B The sound is a longitudinal wave with a frequency between $20\text{ Hz}$ and $20000\text{ Hz}$. C The sound is a transverse wave with a frequency between $2.0\text{ Hz}$ and $2000\text{ Hz}$. D The sound is a transverse wave with a frequency between $2.0\text{ Hz}$ and $20\text{ MHz}$.

A hard magnetic material can be used to make a permanent magnet. A soft magnetic material can be used to make a temporary magnet. Which row shows whether iron and steel are hard or soft magnetic materials?

A battery is connected to an ammeter and a resistor. The ammeter reading is $0.20\text{ A}$. An electrical insulator is connected in parallel with the resistor. What is the ammeter reading? A $0\text{ A}$ B between $0\text{ A}$ and $0.20\text{ A}$ C $0.20\text{ A}$ D greater than $0.20\text{ A}$

Which unit is used to measure electromotive force (e.m.f.)? A ampere B joule C volt D watt

Which equation is correct for resistance $R$, potential difference (p.d.) $V$ and current $I$? A $R=\frac{V}{I}$ B $R=V+I$ C $R=\frac{I}{V}$ D $R=V\times I$

In the diagram, rod R is suspended from an insulating thread. When the positively charged rod Q is brought close to rod R, rod R moves away from rod Q. Which conclusion can be made from this observation? A Rod R is charged, but it is not possible to identify the sign of the charge. B Rod R must be positively charged. C Rod R must be negatively charged. D Rod R is uncharged.

In which heating system circuit would thermistors not be useful? A to keep different rooms at different temperatures B to turn an alarm on if the system overheats C to turn a heating system off at a particular temperature D to turn a heating system on when a sound is detected

Which statement is correct? A A fuse is included in a circuit to prevent the current becoming too high. B A fuse should be connected to the neutral wire in a plug. C An electric circuit will only work if it includes a fuse. D An earth wire is needed to prevent the fuse blowing.

Which graph of current $I$ against time $t$ represents an alternating current (a.c.)?

The diagram shows a wire in the magnetic field between two poles of a magnet. The current in the wire repeatedly changes between a constant value in one direction and a constant value in the opposite direction, as shown in the graph. What is the effect on the wire? A The force on the wire alternates between one direction and the opposite direction. B The force on the wire is constant in size and direction. C There is no force acting on the wire at any time. D There is only a force on the wire when the current reverses.

A transformer has $N_{\text{p}}$ turns on its primary coil and $N_{\text{s}}$ turns on its secondary coil. The voltage across the primary coil is $V_{\text{p}}$ and the voltage across the secondary coil is $V_{\text{s}}$. What is the relationship between these four quantities? A $V_{\text{p}}\times V_{\text{s}}=N_{\text{p}}\times N_{\text{s}}$ B $\frac{V_{\text{p}}}{V_{\text{s}}}=\frac{N_{\text{p}}}{N_{\text{s}}}$ C $\frac{V_{\text{p}}}{V_{\text{s}}}=\frac{N_{\text{s}}}{N_{\text{p}}}$ D $\frac{V_{\text{p}}}{V_{\text{s}}}=N_{\text{p}}\times N_{\text{s}}$

The diagrams represent the protons, neutrons and electrons in different atoms and ions. Which diagram shows a negatively charged ion?

Which row correctly describes an example of radioactive decay?

A detector is used to monitor the emissions from a radioactive source over several days. The table shows the count rate from the source at different times.

What is the half-life of the source? A between 1 and 2 days B between 2 and 3 days C between 3 and 4 days D between 4 and 5 days

What is the most effective precaution to reduce the risk when handling, storing or using a radioactive source that emits $\gamma$-rays? A Handle the source for the least possible time. B Have a fire extinguisher nearby when using the source. C Store the source at a low temperature. D Wear plastic safety goggles when handling the source.

Approximately how long does the Moon take to orbit the Earth? A 1 day B 7 days C 28 days D 365 days

The Sun transfers energy to the Earth through electromagnetic radiation. What are two of the parts of the electromagnetic spectrum to which most of the energy belongs? A gamma rays and X-rays B infrared radiation and visible light C microwaves and visible light D radio waves and microwaves

What provides evidence that the Universe is expanding? A Stars in galaxies outside the Milky Way are all red. B The Andromeda galaxy is moving toward the Milky Way. C Light from distant galaxies is shifted to longer wavelengths. D The Universe is 14 billion years old.