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O Level Pakistan Studies 2059 Paper 12, Oct/Nov 2023

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Question paper

2059/12 · Oct/Nov 2023

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1

This question is about the Khilafat Movement. Study the sources (Insert) carefully and then answer the questions which follow.

a

According to Source A, the Treaty of Sèvres had consequences for the Ottoman Empire. Identify three of these consequences.

[3]
b

What can we learn from Source B about Indian nationalism in 1921?

[5]
c

Explain the impact of the Khilafat Movement on the Muslim community in the years after 1924.

[7]
d

To what extent was the breakdown of Muslim–Hindu collaboration the main reason for the Khilafat Movement ending? Explain your answer.

[10]
2
a

Describe the ‘Hindi–Urdu Controversy’.

[4]
b

Explain the impact of Aurangzeb’s domestic policies on the stability of the Mughal Empire.

[7]
c

‘The main reason the War of Independence ended was because it was not supported by all Indian rulers.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.

[14]
3
a

Describe the terms of the Lucknow Pact of 1916.

[4]
b

Explain how the Hindu community opposed the partition of Bengal between 1905 and 1911.

[7]
c

‘The Second World War and its aftermath meant the British had little interest in agreeing the future of the subcontinent before 1947.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.

[14]
4
a

Describe the achievements of Benazir Bhutto’s foreign policy between 1988 and 1990.

[4]
b

Explain the benefits to Pakistan of being a member of the United Nations.

[7]
c

To what extent were economic factors the main cause of increased tension between East and West Pakistan by 1971? Explain your answer.

[14]
5
a

Describe the impact on Pakistan in 1990 of its inability to meet the terms of the Pressler Amendment.

[4]
b

Explain why Zulfikar Ali Bhutto’s government ended in 1977.

[7]
c

‘Pakistan had successfully implemented a new constitution by 1973.’ How far do you agree with this statement? Explain your answer.

[14]

Mark scheme

2059/12 · Oct/Nov 2023

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1a · 3 marks

  • 1 mark

    ‘to punish the Ottoman countries’ / land from Ottoman Empire was divided between the Allies / ‘creating hardship and refugee issues throughout the region' / ‘restrictions limiting the size and scope of the Turkish military forces were also imposed’ / these terms ‘provoked feelings of resentment’ / 'fuelled Turkish nationalism for decades'

  • 1 mark

    Second relevant statement correctly identified from the source

  • 1 mark

    Third relevant statement correctly identified from the source

1b · 5 marks

  • 5 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

1c · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

1d · 10 marks

  • 10 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

2a · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    it took place in 1867 / Hindus demanded Hindi be the official language [1] not Urdu [1] / Sir Syed Ahmad Khan and members of the Muslim community saw this as an attack on their rights [1] as it had a special meaning to them [1] / Hindu members of Sir Syed’s Scientific Society [1] wanted their journal published in Hindi [1] / there was a growing belief that interests of Hindus clashed with those of Muslims / this led to Sir Syed’s Two Nation Theory

  • 1 mark

    Second relevant point or supporting detail

  • 1 mark

    Third relevant point or supporting detail

  • 1 mark

    Fourth relevant point or supporting detail

2b · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

2c · 14 marks

  • 14 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

3a · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    Congress agreed to concessions with the Muslim League / Muslims had the right to separate electorates / Muslims should be given one third of seats in Councils / both parties wanted more seats in Councils / the protection of minorities / the provinces to have autonomy / the proposals to be binding on the British / the executive should be separated from the judiciary / no Act affecting a community could be agreed if ¾ of the representatives of that community opposed it / motions passed by large majorities in the Councils should be accepted as binding by the British government

  • 1 mark

    Second relevant point or supporting detail

  • 1 mark

    Third relevant point or supporting detail

  • 1 mark

    Fourth relevant point or supporting detail

3b · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

3c · 14 marks

  • 14 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

4a · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    Pakistan rejoined the Commonwealth [1] in 1989 [1] / Pakistan hosted the 4th South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) summit conference [1] in December 1988 [1] / Pakistan and India signed three separate peace agreements [1] as a result of improved relations at the SAARC conference [1] / Benazir Bhutto made an official visit to the USA [1] in June 1989 [1] and met President George H.W. Bush [1] / the visit restored good relations between the USA and Pakistan / Benazir Bhutto visited China [1] and The Reciprocal Encouragement and Protection of Investments agreement was signed [1] / the visit improved relations between China and Pakistan

  • 1 mark

    Second relevant point or supporting detail

  • 1 mark

    Third relevant point or supporting detail

  • 1 mark

    Fourth relevant point or supporting detail

4b · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

4c · 14 marks

  • 14 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

5a · 4 marks

  • 1 mark

    President Bush [1] suspended aid to Pakistan [1] because he could not provide the necessary guarantee [1] that Pakistan did not have a nuclear capability [1] / most economic aid was stopped [1] and all military aid was stopped [1] / deliveries of major military equipment were suspended / there were some exceptions [1] of $3–5 million each year [1] which was allocated for drug control, withdrawal and rehabilitation programmes [1]

  • 1 mark

    Second relevant point or supporting detail

  • 1 mark

    Third relevant point or supporting detail

  • 1 mark

    Fourth relevant point or supporting detail

5b · 7 marks

  • 7 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

5c · 14 marks

  • 14 marks

    Marked by the level descriptors in the scheme.

Questions

  1. 1
    Question 125 marks
    Mark scheme ›
  2. 2
    Question 225 marks
    Mark scheme ›
  3. 3
    Question 325 marks
    Mark scheme ›
  4. 4
    Question 425 marks
    Mark scheme ›
  5. 5
    Question 525 marks
    Mark scheme ›

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