O Level Pakistan Studies 2059 Paper 11, May/June 2023

Mir Jafar allowed the British 'to take important lands around Calcutta’ / he made 'regular payments of huge sums of money to the British’ / ‘Mir Jafar's actions allowed the British to strengthen their trading position‘ / he ‘almost brought about Bengal's economic collapse‘ / Mir Jafar 'was accused of betraying his country and his people’ / 'Mir Jafar made an agreement with the British' / 'his relationship with the British’

Second identified way Mir Jafar was unpopular from source

Third identified way Mir Jafar was unpopular from source

Level 3: Supported valid inference(s)

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

Level 5: Explains with evaluation/ judgement

to protect/advance the political rights and interests of Muslims in India

to counter the growing influence of Congress / to represent Muslim needs and aspirations to the government of India

to prevent the rise of hostility in Muslims towards other communities in India

to promote feelings of loyalty to the British government / to remove any misunderstandings among Muslims as to the intentions of any government measure

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

the Proposals were the work of Jinnah

Sindh should be separated from Bombay [1] and should be an independent province [1]

reforms introduced in the North-West Frontier Province and Balochistan should be the same as in any other province of India / willing to accept joint electorates at the expense of separate electorates

reservation of seats according to the population for different communities in the Punjab and Bengal / Muslims should be given one-third representation in the Central Legislature

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

it happened in 1960 [1] at the height of the Cold War [1]

it was a spy flight [1] over USSR [1]

this particular U-2 plane was flown from the US base [1] at Peshawar/in Pakistan [1]

the pilot Gary Powers [1] was shot down [1] and imprisoned [1] / the USSR was angry with Pakistan, threatening military action [1] and the relationship between the two countries deteriorated [1] / the USA could no longer use the airbase unless destination of the aircraft was known

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.

it was introduced by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto / there were to be two houses, the Senate [1] and Assembly [1] / the Assembly to be elected for five years

members of the Senate to be elected from each of the four provinces / Pakistan to be a federal republic [1] with a parliamentary system of government [1]

the Prime Minister to be head of government / Pakistan to be an Islamic Republic with Islam as the state religion / the Prime Minister and President to be Muslim

fundamental human rights to be recognised [1], with the Supreme and High Courts to enforce these [1] / the President became largely a figurehead [1] whose orders had to be signed by the Prime Minister [1] / the Upper House (Senate) to be elected [1] and must not be dissolved [1] / emergency powers are available for the government / Urdu was re-confirmed as the national language

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 1.

Mark according to the level of response descriptors in Table 2.