9618/32 · May/June 2025
Download PDFData types can be defined using pseudocode. The composite record data type, Departure, is used to represent flights from Cambridge Airport and is defined in pseudocode as: TYPE Departure DECLARE FlightNumber : STRING DECLARE Destination : STRING DECLARE FlightDate : DATE DECLARE Gate : STRING DECLARE Airline : STRING ENDTYPE A variable, Flight1, is declared in pseudocode as: DECLARE Flight1 : Departure
Write pseudocode to store the following details to Flight1: Field Data FlightNumber SB2789 Destination Dublin FlightDate 30/07/2025 Gate N03 Airline Cambridge Airways
The data type for Gate is changed to an enumerated data type, GateID. Write a pseudocode statement to declare GateID to hold the identity codes for the airport gates: N01, N02, N03, W01, W02, W03, W04
Write the new pseudocode statement required to replace the declaration of Gate in Departure.
Numbers are stored in a computer using binary floating-point representation with: • 12 bits for the mantissa • 4 bits for the exponent • two’s complement form for both the mantissa and the exponent.
Calculate the normalised binary floating-point representation of +124.4375 in this system. Show your working.
Calculate the denary value of the following normalised binary floating-point number. Show your working. Mantissa: 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 Exponent: 0 1 1 0
Identify two different layers of the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Describe how the TCP/IP protocol suite is applied when a message is sent through the internet from one host to another. Do not describe the function of individual layers of the TCP/IP protocol suite.
Circuit switching may be used as a method of data transmission. State two benefits and two drawbacks of circuit switching. Benefit 1 Benefit 2 Drawback 1 Drawback 2
The management and scheduling of processes are tasks carried out by an operating system.
Identify three process states. 1 2 3
Describe the function of the shortest job first scheduling routine and give a benefit of this routine. Function Benefit
Describe the structure of a graph as used in an Artificial Intelligence (AI) system.
Explain how supervised learning and unsupervised learning differ from each other.
The diagram shows a logic circuit.
Complete the truth table for the given logic circuit. Show your working.
Write the Boolean logic expression that corresponds to the given logic circuit as the sum-of-products. Z =
Use Boolean algebra including De Morgan’s laws to simplify the following expression. Show all working. .
Explain what is meant by lexical analysis during program compilation.
Several syntax diagrams are shown.
State why 9K is not a valid variable for the given syntax diagrams.
Complete the Backus-Naur Form (BNF) for <operator>. <operator> ::=
An expression is defined as follows: • A variable is assigned to a variable followed by an operator followed by another variable. • The operator and final variable stage can be repeated as many times as necessary. Complete the syntax diagram for an expression.
A character can be a letter or a digit. An additional constraint has been applied to the definition of variable. It must comply with the given syntax diagram, but it will only pass validation if it has at least four characters. State one example of a valid variable.
Identify the two main protocols that form Transport Layer Security (TLS) and state the purpose of each. Protocol 1 Purpose Protocol 2 Purpose
A linked list of nodes is used to store an ordered list of strings. Each node consists of the data, a left pointer and a right pointer. The linked list will be organised as a binary tree. 0 is used to represent a null pointer. Complete the binary tree, including null pointers, to show how the data will be organised after the following strings have been added: Aa, Mm, Ss, Xx
A binary tree can be used to implement recursion. Identify one feature of an algorithm that makes it beneficial to use recursion. Give one example of an application that could use a recursive algorithm. Feature Example
A medical clinic uses objects of the class Patient to assign a priority and a doctor to a patient. Some of the attributes required in the class are listed in the table. Attribute Data type Description PatientID STRING Unique identifier of the patient Name STRING Patient’s full name, surname first DoctorID STRING ID of doctor administering treatment Treatment is prioritised with a numeric scale of 1 to 5. Complete the class diagram for Patient, to include: • attribute and data type for the date of birth • attribute and data type for the priority • methods to assign the patient ID, priority and doctor ID • methods to return the patient ID, patient date of birth and the priority.
Identify the object-oriented programming (OOP) term described as ‘an occurrence of an object’.
Describe what is meant by the OOP term polymorphism.
The pseudocode algorithm below uses random file access to copy 50 records from a live file CurrentResults.dat to a stored file StoredResults.dat one record at a time. It uses the user-defined type StudentResult. TYPE StudentResult DECLARE LastName : STRING DECLARE FirstName : STRING DECLARE ExamGrade : STRING ENDTYPE If any grades are missing in CurrentResults.dat, the text "Missing grade" is added to the ExamGrade field in StoredResults.dat Complete this file handling pseudocode algorithm. DECLARE Grade : StudentResult DECLARE Position : INTEGER .......................................................................................................................................................... OPENFILE "StoredResults.dat" FOR RANDOM .......................................................................................................................................................... SEEK "CurrentResults.dat", Position GETRECORD "CurrentResults.dat", Grade IF Grade.ExamGrade = "" THEN ............................................................................................................................................. ENDIF .................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................................................... NEXT Position CLOSEFILE "CurrentResults.dat" CLOSEFILE "StoredResults.dat"