Acid–base titrations: past paper questions

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• Question 39May/June 2026, paper 11Multiple choice1 mark

  Which piece of apparatus is used to measure accurately the volume of a liquid in an acid–base titration?

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• Question 8Oct/Nov 2025, paper 21Multiple choice1 mark

  The equation for the reaction between dilute ethanoic acid and aqueous lithium hydroxide is shown.

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• Question 39Oct/Nov 2024, paper 12Multiple choice1 markHas a diagram

  Which row shows an advantage and a disadvantage for the stated apparatus used in a titration?

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• Question 38Oct/Nov 2023, paper 12Multiple choice1 mark

  An acid–base titration is described. ● $25.0{\text{ cm}}^3$ of dilute aqueous alkali is put into a conical flask. ● Indicator is added to the flask.

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• Question 30May/June 2026, paper 13Multiple choice1 mark

  In a titration, why is distilled water and not tap water used to rinse the burette?

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• Question 3Oct/Nov 2025, paper 41Structured14 marks

  A student makes crystals of the salt sodium sulfate, $\mathrm{N}{\mathrm{a}}_2\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{O}}_4$. The student reacts $0.200{\text{ mol/dm}}^3$ dilute sulfuric acid, ${\mathrm{H}}_2\mathrm{S}{\mathrm{O}}_4(\mathrm{a}\mathrm{q})$, with aqueous sodium hydroxide, $\mathrm{N}\mathrm{a}\mathrm{O}\mathrm{H}(\mathrm{a}\mathrm{q})$. The student uses the following steps.

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• Question 39Oct/Nov 2023, paper 22Multiple choice1 mark

  An acid–base titration is described. $\bullet$ $25.0{\text{ cm}}^3$ of dilute aqueous alkali is put into a conical flask. $\bullet$ Indicator is added to the flask.

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• Question 21May/June 2026, paper 22Multiple choice1 mark

  Dilute hydrochloric acid is titrated against aqueous sodium hydroxide. At the start of the titration, dilute hydrochloric acid is added to a conical flask using a ......1....... A few drops of methyl orange indicator are added to the dilute hydrochloric acid in the conical flask.

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• Question 4Oct/Nov 2023, paper 61Essay6 marks

  Greaseaway and Kitchenclean are two solutions used as household cleaners that contain aqueous ammonia. Plan an investigation to find which of the two household cleaners contains aqueous ammonia with the highest concentration.

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• Question 12May/June 2026, paper 23Multiple choice1 mark

  The equation for the reaction of dilute sulfuric acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide is shown. $${\text{H}}_2{\text{SO}}_4+2\text{NaOH}\to {\text{Na}}_2{\text{SO}}_4+2{\text{H}}_2\text{O}$$ $25.0{\text{ cm}}^3$ of aqueous sodium hydroxide is measured into a conical flask.

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• Question 1May/June 2025, paper 61Structured9 marks

  A student prepares some crystals of pure potassium sulfate by reacting aqueous potassium carbonate with dilute sulfuric acid. The equation for the reaction is shown.

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• Question 4Oct/Nov 2024, paper 43Structured20 marksHas a diagram

  This question is about sulfuric acid, ${\mathrm{H}}_2{\mathrm{S}\mathrm{O}}_4$. Dilute sulfuric acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide can be used to prepare sodium sulfate crystals using a method that involves titration. The apparatus for titration is shown in Fig. 4.1.

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• Question 2Oct/Nov 2023, paper 63Structured16 marksHas a diagram

  A student investigates the reaction between dilute hydrochloric acid and aqueous sodium hydroxide. The student does two experiments.

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• Question 4Oct/Nov 2024, paper 62Essay6 marks

  Limes and lemons are citrus fruits which contain aqueous citric acid in their juice. Citric acid reacts with alkalis such as aqueous sodium hydroxide. Plan an investigation to find which of lime juice and lemon juice contains the most concentrated aqueous citric acid.

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• Question 38May/June 2023, paper 11Multiple choice1 markHas a diagram

  The concentration of acids and alkalis can be determined by titration. Which pieces of equipment are needed to perform a titration?

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• Question 38May/June 2023, paper 13Multiple choice1 mark

  Dilute hydrochloric acid is titrated into a conical flask containing sodium hydroxide solution and a few drops of methyl orange indicator. Which piece of apparatus is used to add the hydrochloric acid?

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• Question 9May/June 2024, paper 22Multiple choice1 mark

  The concentration and volume of an aqueous alkali are known. Which additional information is required to calculate the number of moles of acid needed to neutralise the aqueous alkali?

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• Question 37May/June 2024, paper 23Multiple choice1 mark

  What is used to identify the end-point of an acid–base titration?

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• Question 8May/June 2023, paper 22Multiple choice1 markHas a diagram

  The concentration of a sample of dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide is found by titration. The apparatus used is shown. Which information is needed to calculate the concentration of the dilute aqueous sodium hydroxide in $\mathrm{m}\mathrm{o}\mathrm{l}\mathrm{/}{\mathrm{d}\mathrm{m}}^3$?

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• Question 1May/June 2024, paper 43Structured7 marks

  Name the process used to: produce ammonia from nitrogen

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• Question 2May/June 2024, paper 62Structured15 marksHas a diagram

  A student investigates the reaction between aqueous aluminium chloride and two aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide, solution F and solution G. Solution F and solution G have different concentrations. The student does three experiments.

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